C programming Input & Output

This tutorial focuses on two in-built functions printf() and scanf() to perform I/O task in C

programming. Also, you will learn to write a valid program in C.

Two commonly used functions for I/O (Input/Output) are printf() and scanf().

The scanf() function reads formatted input from standard input (keyboard) whereas the

Example Of Input & Output :

#include <stdio.h> //This is needed to run printf() function.
int main()
{
   printf("C Programming");//displays the content inside quotation
   return 0;
}

Output:

C Programming

The Standard Files :

C programming treats all the devices as files. So devices such as the display

are addressed in the same way as files and the following three files are

automatically opened when a program executes to provide access to the keyboard and screen.

The scanf() and printf() Functions :

The int scanf(const char *format, ...) function reads the input from the

standard input stream stdin and scans that input according to the format

The int printf(const char *format, ...) function writes the output to the

standard output stream stdout and produces the output according to the format provided.

The format can be a simple constant string, but you can specify %s, %d, %c, %f, etc.,

to print or read strings, integer, character or float respectively.

There are many other formatting options available which can be used based on requirements.

Example :

#include < stdio.h >
int main( ) {

   char str[100];
   int i;

   printf( "Enter a value :");
   scanf("%s %d", str, &i);

   printf( "\nYou entered: %s %d ", str, i);

   return 0;
}

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